11 January 2022 Face anti-spoofing with local difference network and binary facial mask supervision
Suyang Chen, Xiaoning Song, Zhenhua Feng, Tianyang Xu, Xiaojun Wu, Josef Kittler
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) is crucial for safe and reliable biometric systems. In recent years, deep neural networks have been proven to be very effective for FAS as compared with classical approaches. However, deep learning-based FAS methods are data-driven and use learning-based features only. It is a legitimate question to ask whether hand-crafted features can provide any complementary information to a deep learning-based FAS method. To answer this question, we propose a two-stream network that consists of a convolutional network and a local difference network. To be specific, we first build a texture extraction convolutional block to calculate the gradient magnitude at each pixel of an input image. Our experiments demonstrate that additional liveness cues can be captured by the proposed method. Second, we design an attention fusion module to combine the features obtained from the RGB domain and gradient magnitude domain, aiming for discriminative information mining and information redundancy elimination. Finally, we advocate a simple binary facial mask supervision strategy for further performance boost. The proposed network has only 2.79M parameters and the inference speed is up to 118 frames per second, which makes it very convenient for real-time FAS systems. The experimental results obtained on several well-known benchmarking datasets demonstrate the merits and superiority of the proposed method over the state-of-the-art approaches.

© 2022 SPIE and IS&T 1017-9909/2022/$28.00 © 2022 SPIE and IS&T
Suyang Chen, Xiaoning Song, Zhenhua Feng, Tianyang Xu, Xiaojun Wu, and Josef Kittler "Face anti-spoofing with local difference network and binary facial mask supervision," Journal of Electronic Imaging 31(1), 013007 (11 January 2022). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JEI.31.1.013007
Received: 15 October 2021; Accepted: 20 December 2021; Published: 11 January 2022
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KEYWORDS
Binary data

Atomic force microscopy

RGB color model

Video

Feature extraction

Convolution

Data modeling

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