We propose a polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) image terrain classification algorithm based on complete local binary patterns (CLBP) feature integrated convolutional neural network (CNN) (CLBP-CNN). Traditional CNN has a powerful high-level deep features extraction ability, which can effectively improve the terrain classification accuracy in PolSAR images. However, most traditional CNN-based methods only focus on the high-level deep feature extraction of the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) terrains; they ignore the low-level texture features, resulting in incomplete feature representation and poor classification accuracy. In fact, low-level texture features also play an important role in PolSAR terrain classification. To solve the problem that traditional CNN-based terrain classification methods easily lose the low-level texture features in the process of feature extraction, the proposed method uses the CLBP descriptor to extract multi-level texture features under different receptive fields, and it adaptively combines the high-level deep features and the low-level texture features for better SAR terrain feature description. CLBP-CNN greatly alleviates the shortcomings of traditional CNN in missing the low-level texture features; it improves the feature representation completeness, so it can achieve better terrain classification results. The superiority of CLBP-CNN is verified on the data sets of Flevoland, San Francisco, and Oberpfaffenhofen.