A new deep-learning-based scatterer density estimator (SDE) is demonstrated. The SDE is trained by pairs of numerically simulated OCT images and its background parameters including the scatterer density, resolutions, and signal-to-noise ratio. For this simulation, we introduced a new noise model that accurately accounts for the spatial properties of three noise types: shot, relative-intensity, and detector noise. This SDE was experimentally validated by phantom and in-vitro tumor spheroid measurements. Significantly improved accuracy was found in comparison to our old SDE being trained with a naïve noise model that does not account for the spatial noise property.
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