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Artificial skin materials were synthesized using platinum-cured silicone elastomeric material (Reynolds Advanced
Materials Inc.) as the base consisting of mainly polyorganosiloxanes, amorphous silica and platinum-siloxane complex
compounds. Systematic incorporation of porosity in this material was found to lower the force required to deform the
skin in axial direction. In this study, we utilized foaming agents comprising of sodium bicarbonate and dilute form of
acetic acid for modifying the polymeric chain and introducing the porosity. Experimental determination of functional
relationship between the concentration of foaming agent, slacker and non-reactive silicone fluid and that of force -
deformation behavior was conducted. Tensile testing of material showed a local parabolic relationship between the
concentrations of foaming agents used (per milliliter of siloxane compound) and strain. This data can be used to optimize
the amount of additives in platinum cured silicone to obtain desired force - displacement characteristics. Addition of
"silicone thinner" and "slacker" showed a monotonically increasing strain behavior. A mathematical model was
developed to arrive at the performance metrics of artificial skin.
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Yonas Tadesse, David Moore, Nick Thayer, Shashank Priya, "Silicone based artificial skin for humanoid facial expressions," Proc. SPIE 7287, Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2009, 728709 (6 April 2009); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.815684