Numerical analysis and experimental investigation of highly sensitive photonic crystal fiber long-period grating refractive index sensor

Zonghu He; Yinian Zhu; Jiří Kaňka; Henry Du

doi:10.1117/12.734568

12 October 2007 Numerical analysis and experimental investigation of highly sensitive photonic crystal fiber long-period grating refractive index sensor

Zonghu He, Yinian Zhu, Jiří Kaňka, Henry Du

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 6767, Photonic Crystals and Photonic Crystal Fibers for Sensing Applications III; 67670E (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.734568
Event: Optics East, 2007, Boston, MA, United States

Abstract

In this paper, we present the numerical analyses of modal coupling properties and resonance spectral response of longperiod gratings (LPGs) in solid-core photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) with respect to their sensitivity to refractive indices of measurands in the air channels using a full-vectoral mode solver combined with frequency-domain method. The calculated results show that the wavelength resonance of a PCF-LPG can be extremely sensitive to the refractive index change. The PCF-LPG refractive index sensors, inscribed by residual stress relaxation using a scanning CO₂ laser, are also experimentally investigated in terms of resonance shift with the PCF-LPG structure filled with sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions at concentrations ranging from 0-26% (w/w). The spectral features were greatly improved by inscribing the LPG structure in PCF prefilled with water. The PCF-LPG sensors are shown to be able to detect the change of ~10^-7 refractive index unit (RIU) in the index range of 1.33 to 1.35, in a good agreement with the numerical simulation.

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Zonghu He, Yinian Zhu, Jiří Kaňka, and Henry Du "Numerical analysis and experimental investigation of highly sensitive photonic crystal fiber long-period grating refractive index sensor", Proc. SPIE 6767, Photonic Crystals and Photonic Crystal Fibers for Sensing Applications III, 67670E (12 October 2007); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.734568

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