Energy harvesting by magnetostrictive material (MsM) for powering wireless sensors in SHM

Lei Wang; F G. Yuan

doi:10.1117/12.716506

10 April 2007 Energy harvesting by magnetostrictive material (MsM) for powering wireless sensors in SHM

Lei Wang, F G. Yuan

Proceedings Volume 6529, Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2007; 652941 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.716506
Event: SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, 2007, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

A new class of vibrational energy harvester based on Magnetostrictive material (MsM) Metglas 2605SC is deigned, developed, and tested in building practical energy harvesting wireless sensor networks. Compared to piezoelectric material, Metglas 2605SC offers advantages including ultra-high energy conversion efficiency, high power density, longer life cycles without depolarization issue, and flexibility to operate in strong ambient vibrations. To enhance the energy conversion efficiency and shrink the size of the harvester, Metglas is annealed in the direction normal to the axial strain direction without the need of electromagnet for applying bias (static) magnetic field. To seamlessly integrate with a newly developed wireless sensor at NC State¹, a prototype design for the MsM harvester is proposed. An analytical model is developed for the harvesting using an equivalent electromechanical circuit. The model resulting in achievable output performances of the harvester powering a resistive load and charging a capacitive energy storage device, respectively, is quantitatively derived. An energy harvesting module, which powers a wireless sensor, stores excess energy in an ultracapacitor is designed on a printed circuit board (PCB) with dimension 25mm x 35mm. The main functionalities of the circuit include a voltage quadrupler, a 3F ultracapacitor, and a smart regulator. The output DC voltage from the PCB can be adjusted within 2.0~5.5V. In experiments, the maximum output power and power density on the resistor can reach 200 &mgr;W and 900 &mgr;W/cm³, respectively. For a working prototype, the average power and power density during charging the ultracapacitor can achieve 576 &mgr;W and 606 &mgr;W/cm³ respectively, which are much higher than those of most piezo-based harvesters.

Citation Download Citation

Lei Wang and F G. Yuan "Energy harvesting by magnetostrictive material (MsM) for powering wireless sensors in SHM", Proc. SPIE 6529, Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2007, 652941 (10 April 2007); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.716506

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