Ultrapure ZBLAN glass for optical refrigerators

Markus P. Hehlen; Richard I. Epstein

doi:10.1117/12.708304

7 March 2007 Ultrapure ZBLAN glass for optical refrigerators

Proceedings Volume 6461, Laser Cooling of Solids; 646103 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.708304
Event: Lasers and Applications in Science and Engineering, 2007, San Jose, California, United States

Abstract

A quantitative description of optical refrigeration in Yb³⁺-doped ZBLAN glass in the presence of transition-metal and OH impurities is presented. The model includes the competition of radiative processes with energy migration, energy transfer to transition-metal ions, and multiphonon relaxation. The cooling efficiency is sensitive to the presence of both 3d metal ions with absorption in the near infrared and high-frequency vibrational impurities such as OH. The calculation establishes maximum impurity concentrations for different operating temperatures and finds Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, and OH to be the most problematic species. Cu²⁺ in particular has to be reduced to <2 ppb, and Fe²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, and OH have to be reduced to 10-100 ppb for a practical ZBLAN:Yb³⁺ optical cryocooler to operate at 100-150 K.

Citation Download Citation

Markus P. Hehlen and Richard I. Epstein "Ultrapure ZBLAN glass for optical refrigerators", Proc. SPIE 6461, Laser Cooling of Solids, 646103 (7 March 2007); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.708304

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