Intense nanosecond duration source of x rays for resolving cavitation-induced trauma in human tissue

Craig Nelson Boyer; Glenn E. Holland; John F. Seely

doi:10.1117/12.558797

3 November 2004 Intense nanosecond duration source of x rays for resolving cavitation-induced trauma in human tissue

Craig Nelson Boyer, Glenn E. Holland, John F. Seely

Proceedings Volume 5537, X-Ray Sources and Optics; (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.558797
Event: Optical Science and Technology, the SPIE 49th Annual Meeting, 2004, Denver, Colorado, United States

Abstract

A pulsed nanosecond x-ray generator based on an actively pumped field emission x-ray tube is described. The x-ray source is based on a high voltage Marx generator that drives a field emission tube without the need for an intermediate energy store. The Marx generator stores 12 Joules in ceramic capacitors and produces a voltage pulse > 380 kilovolts with a rise time of < 4 nanoseconds from an equivalent generator-impedance of 52 W. A numerical model is used in which the x-ray tube's cathode width and anode-cathode gap (AK) are permitted to change with time while electron current between the cathode and anode is treated as non relativistic and space-charge-limited (SCL). By coupling this model to an equivalent circuit representation of the Marx generator a calculation of the cathode current, anode-cathode potential and the output x-ray spectrum can be made. The radiation dose is 55 millirems at 30.4 cm from the anode of the x-ray tube and is Gaussian in shape with a 35 nanosecond (full width at half maximum) FWHM. The measured x-ray dose, pulse shape and width are consistent with model predictions. The source was successfully used to study high-velocity projectile induced cavatation in human tissue.

Citation Download Citation

Craig Nelson Boyer, Glenn E. Holland, and John F. Seely "Intense nanosecond duration source of x rays for resolving cavitation-induced trauma in human tissue", Proc. SPIE 5537, X-Ray Sources and Optics, (3 November 2004); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.558797

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