VOC emission source strengths of tankers during refuelling activities determined by spectroscopic remote sensing and inverse dispersion modeling

Klaus Schaefer; Herbert Hoffmann; Igor Dormuth; Carsten Jahn; Stefan M. Emeis

doi:10.1117/12.454432

31 January 2002 VOC emission source strengths of tankers during refuelling activities determined by spectroscopic remote sensing and inverse dispersion modeling

Klaus Schaefer, Herbert Hoffmann, Igor Dormuth, Carsten Jahn, Stefan M. Emeis

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 4539, Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere VI; (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.454432
Event: International Symposium on Remote Sensing, 2001, Toulouse, France

Abstract

Tankers are a wide spread and important emission source of VOC's. Up to now emission data are available from measurements inside the storage tanks to investigate explosion protection only. Different emission reduction systems are under discussion such as vapor recovery units. The environmental impact of these alternatives shall be investigated. The VOC emissions of tankers were investigated in a river harbor. Fence-line monitoring by Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) was performed to investigate different emission sources during activities of tankers in harbors. Benzene, toluene and p-xylene concentrations were measured by a mono-static DOAS using 3 retro-reflectors. The inverse method was applied on the basis of these non-intrusive measurements of effluent concentrations in the exhaust plume and meteorological measurements to determine the emission source strengths. Inversion of effluent's dispersion was performed by a Lagrangian model driven by wind fields of the Eulerian model MISKAM considering influences from buildings and the orography upon the streaming fields. The emission source strengths were determined from unloading and loading of gasoline, from ventilation of storage tanks of tankers into ambient air which is of common practice if the tankers are operated without load or if the tankers are to be refueled with a different product than before and from using the land-site gasoline vapor recovery unit in a tank farm for ventilation.

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Klaus Schaefer, Herbert Hoffmann, Igor Dormuth, Carsten Jahn, and Stefan M. Emeis "VOC emission source strengths of tankers during refuelling activities determined by spectroscopic remote sensing and inverse dispersion modeling", Proc. SPIE 4539, Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere VI, (31 January 2002); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.454432

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KEYWORDS

FT-IR spectroscopy

Methane

Spectroscopy

Atmospheric modeling

Meteorology

Buildings

Retroreflectors

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