Grating coupled surface emitters with enhanced surface emission efficiency

Anders G. Larsson; Mats Hagberg; Niklas Eriksson; Torgil Kjellberg

doi:10.1117/12.206344

10 April 1995 Grating coupled surface emitters with enhanced surface emission efficiency

Anders G. Larsson, Mats Hagberg, Niklas Eriksson, Torgil Kjellberg

Proceedings Volume 2398, Circular-Grating Light-Emitting Sources; (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.206344
Event: Photonics West '95, 1995, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

The surface emission efficiency of grating coupled surface emitters, defined as the fraction of the guided mode power incident on the grating outcoupler that is emitted into air, is limited by diffraction into the substrate. This paper presents results from experimental and theoretical studies of various techniques to suppress substrate emission from second order gratings while simultaneously enhance the emission into air. These techniques include optimized rectangular gratings, blazed asymmetric gratings, and laser structures incorporating multilayer reflectors below the waveguide to redirect light diffracted into the substrate. Optimized rectangular gratings exhibit more than 60% surface emission efficiency under appropriate detuning conditions. Blazed asymmetric gratings demonstrate a strong dependence of the surface emission efficiency on the orientation of the grating with respect to the propagation direction of the guided optical mode under both resonant and nonresonant conditions. Lasers with multilayer reflectors show promising performance with a precisely adjusted phase of the reflected wave. Techniques for fine tuning the phase difference between the reflected wave and the wave diffracted into air are discussed. The fabrication techniques used to fabricate the high quality gratings required for high performance surface emitters are also reviewed.

Citation Download Citation

Anders G. Larsson, Mats Hagberg, Niklas Eriksson, and Torgil Kjellberg "Grating coupled surface emitters with enhanced surface emission efficiency", Proc. SPIE 2398, Circular-Grating Light-Emitting Sources, (10 April 1995); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.206344

ACCESS THE FULL ARTICLE

INSTITUTIONAL
Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.

SELECT YOUR INSTITUTION

PERSONAL
Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.

PERSONAL SIGN IN

No SPIE Account? Create one

PURCHASE THIS CONTENT

SUBSCRIBE TO DIGITAL LIBRARY

50 downloads per 1-year subscription

Members: $195

Non-members: $335 ADD TO CART

25 downloads per 1 - year subscription

Members: $145

Non-members: $250 ADD TO CART

PURCHASE SINGLE ARTICLE

Includes PDF, HTML & Video, when available

Members: $17.00

Non-members: $21.00 ADD TO CART

PROCEEDINGS
13 PAGES

DOWNLOAD PAPER SAVE TO MY LIBRARY

GET CITATION

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Get copyright permission Get copyright permission on Copyright Marketplace

KEYWORDS

Diffraction gratings

Reflectors

Waveguides

Diffraction

Cladding

Etching

Optical design

Show All Keywords

Keywords/Phrases

Search In:

Publication Years