The image quality degradation due to atmospheric turbulence is one of the main limitations for imaging, laser propagation, communication, and metrology in the atmosphere. Adaptive optics is a technology to overcome these problems by real-time phase compensation. the main components exist for systems such as wavefront correctors, wavefront sensors, and dedicated computers, and have been successfully tested. This article describes the principles of adaptive optics and demonstrates the potential of adaptive optics for applications in astronomical imaging, including some first results. The image quality that can be expected from adaptive optics and requirements for its application are discussed.
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