Linear array is one of the most widely investigated domains in array processing. Many techniques including beamforming, subspace methods, compressive sensing techniques, etc. have been developed for years. Uniform linear array (ULA) is well adopted in many scenarios. However, there are several bottleneck issues constraining ULA, which cannot be easily settle. For instance, the maximum detectable number of targets and mutual coupling. Sparse linear array (SLA) can surmount these two physical limitations simultaneously. Mutual coupling can be limited by separating antennas at sparser position, while degree of freedoms is enhanced using the spirit of difference coarray. In this review, the development from ULA to SLA is retraced to provide inspiring points for those who are interested in SLA exploration.
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