In the modern world, wearable electronics are potentially intensifying a transformation of the military, aerospace, medical, industrial, and commercial industries. However, manufacturing electronic circuits or devices directly on fabrics is a major challenge. In this study, we have addressed the issue by developing a two-step manufacturing process by coating a piece of polyester fabric with lignin. Initially, a conductive template was achieved on the fabric after laser-burning lignin. In the second step, using an in-house design printer, copper was electroplated over the conductive template to achieve a very low resistive circuit layout. The conductivity measurements were monitored before and after destructive tests such as bending, rolling, washing, and adhesion tests to prove remarkable stability and flexibility. The quality of the conductive patterns was examined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the copper deposition method was applied to solder a light-emitting diode (LED) to the applied circuit layout on the fabric. The proposed two-step manufacturing method has a promising potential to fabricate reliable and leading-edge wearable electronics for various applications.
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