We review recent work at the US Naval Research Laboratory using stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical fiber for applications in distributed sensing, spectroscopy, and optical signal processing. In particular, we describe recent advances in distributed strain and temperature sensing enabled by simultaneously monitoring the complex Stokes and anti-Stokes Brillouin interactions. We then show how this scheme can be modified to enable high-speed, high-resolution spectroscopy. Finally, we describe how the narrow-linewidth of the SBS process can enable line-by-line optical frequency comb control for applications in RF photonics and optical arbitrary waveform generation.
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