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The real and imaginary components of the scattering matrix elements measured for each pixel in single look fully polarimetric SAR(POLSAR) are coherently combined from a large number of scatterers in each resolution bin. These components for the three independent Sinclair matrix scattering elements have normal distributions when collected over homogeneous regions. This is observed from the ocean surface, homogeneous desert regions, agricultural areas and more. These distributions are studied in this paper. Other distributions such as those for the amplitude ratios and the phase differences of the Sinclair matrix elements are addressed. This is done for single look fully polarimetric SIR-C data at L and C band and TerraSAR-X data. Distributions of observables from 4 look SIR-C data at L and C band are also addressed and compared to the single look distributions. All terrestial surfaces are considered where data is available.
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Jorge V. Geaga, "Statistical distributions of POLSAR observables," Proc. SPIE 12108, Radar Sensor Technology XXVI, 1210805 (27 May 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2617635