In this paper, a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) optical fiber sensor based on graphene coated gold nanotubes is designed in the visible region. A section of optical fiber is taken, the bare core of the cladding layer is polished, and a layer of gold nanotubes is laid on the surface of the core. Graphene is coated on the gold nanotubes to enhance sensor’s sensitivity because it can stably adsorb biomolecules and increase the propagation constant of surface plasmon polariton (SPP).By using wavelength demodulation method and finite element method (FEM), the sensing performance can be improved by optimizing the structural parameters and the number of graphene layers. When the graphene coating N = 2, the maximum sensitivity of the sensor reaches 6000nm / RIU, and the quality factor (FOM) is 152RIU−1. This study provides a potential application prospect for the design of a new generation of high sensitivity biosensors.
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