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In this work we study the conditions for the onset of modal instabilities in two-mode fiber amplifiers. We show that transverse-mode instability (TMI) results as a consequence of cross-phase modulation and four-wave mixing processes. The TMI threshold condition corresponds to a self-phase and cross-phase modulation induced nonlinear phase matching between LP01 and LP11 modes. The derived TMI power threshold shows a functional dependence on fiber and amplification parameters similar to previously derived formula applicable to single-mode fiber amplifiers.
Michalis N. Zervas
"Modal instability in two-mode optical fiber amplifiers", Proc. SPIE 11665, Fiber Lasers XVIII: Technology and Systems, 116650U (5 March 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2582859
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Michalis N. Zervas, "Modal instability in two-mode optical fiber amplifiers," Proc. SPIE 11665, Fiber Lasers XVIII: Technology and Systems, 116650U (5 March 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2582859